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The Speed of Sound and the Crack of a Whip

The tip of a whip, when cracked, breaks the sound barrier, creating a mini-sonic boom.

🌀 The tip of a whip, when cracked, breaks the sound barrier - the characteristic crack is a mini-sonic boom.

It works by conserving momentum: energy is transferred from the thick handle to the thin tip, and the smaller the mass, the higher the speed. As a result, the tip accelerates to 1200-1500 km/h, which is Mach 1+.

This was experimentally confirmed only in 1927 with high-speed photography. In 2002, Goriely and McMillen showed that at the moment of the crack, the tip moves almost twice as fast as sound.

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