Interestingly, most users of electronic devices do not understand how computers work; for them, it is a black box. Even those who took the basics in university do not really grasp the detailed structure of a modern processor. The scale is too large, everything has moved too far away, although a few decades ago, the first processors could be designed by a few people.
So, if you want to understand the basics starting from the transistor, Andrej Karpathy recommends a video course on YouTube. It definitely won't be boring (or easy). As a bonus, there is the book “But How Do It Know” that removes the magic from the workings of computers.
